Picene Prince’s Tomb Reveals a Chariot and 150 Other 7th Century BC Artifacts

In the town of Corinaldo in Italy’s Ancona, archaeologists conducting excavations in the Nevola necropolis found a significant archaeological burial, belonging to an elite member of the Picene (Picentes) culture. Dating back to the 7th century BC, the discovery features a grand princely tomb, which has yielded over 150 artifacts. Amongst the artifacts, the highlights include a two-wheeled chariot and an impressive collection of bronze items.

Analysis of the Artifacts: The Picene Aristocracy and Etruscan Culture

Excavations uncovered a substantial square pit, approximately 3.80 by 2.20 meters (12.5 x 7.2 feet), enclosed within a large circular ditch with an original diameter of 30 meters (98.4 feet). Among the assortment of bronze items that were placed around the chariot were a helmet, a cauldron, and several intricately decorated containers, reflecting the aristocratic lifestyle of the era.

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Bronze cauldron, amongst many other bronze items in the burial. (University of Bologna/ Città di Corinaldo)

These artifacts indicate a connection with the Etruscan culture, suggesting that the Picene aristocracy engaged in exchanges and maintained relationships with the Etruscans during that period, according to a press release by Città di Corinaldo.

The assortment of items, such as banquet utensils and vessels for food and drink, provides a vivid glimpse into the customs and lives of high-ranking figures in ancient Picene society.

The Etruscans, who inhabited the region of Etruria (modern-day Tuscany, western Umbria, and northern Lazio), were known for their advanced civilization, which included sophisticated urban planning, a rich artistic tradition, and extensive trade networks.

The Picenes, residing in the central Adriatic regions of Italy, primarily in what is now the Marche region, were a warrior society with a robust aristocracy.

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               A helmet found in the Picene grave. (University of Bologna/ Città di Corinaldo)

One of the primary links between the Etruscan culture and the Picene aristocracy was trade. The Etruscans were accomplished merchants and established extensive trade routes across the Mediterranean. They exported goods such as fine pottery, bronze items, and luxury goods, which found their way into Picene territories.

The Picene elite adopted several elements of Etruscan culture, including aspects of their art, religious practices, and possibly even their language. For instance, the presence of Etruscan inscriptions and motifs on Picene artifacts suggests a degree of cultural assimilation and mutual influence, reports Arkeonews.

More indistinct artifacts in the tomb. (University of Bologna/ Città di Corinaldo)

The ArcheoNevola Project: A State and Student Collaboration

This discovery is a result of the ArcheoNevola Project, led by the University of Bologna in collaboration with the Municipality of Corinaldo and the Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio for the provinces of Ancona and Pesaro Urbino. Since its launch in 2018, the project has focused on exploring and preserving the region's rich historical heritage, particularly at the Contrada Nevola site, a key location for understanding the earliest human settlements in the area.

Students from the University of Bologna actively participate in the excavation campaigns, contributing their enthusiasm and dedication to uncovering and studying these ancient treasures.

Corinaldo’s mayor, Gianni Aloisi, expressed his excitement about the find, noting that it underscores the cultural and historical importance of the Nevola archaeological area.

"Corinaldo can proudly claim the title of the land of Princes. This discovery confirms the historical and cultural value of the Nevola archaeological area, which will allow us to understand, and perhaps rewrite, the history of our community. From the outset, this administration decided to invest significant resources in the excavation campaign and research because the importance of what is emerging, and we hope more will emerge, is truly significant,” he explained.

Efforts are being made to meticulously document and preserve the artifacts and the site itself. Conservation and, when necessary, restoration work are integral parts of the project to ensure that these valuable pieces of history are maintained for future study and public display. The project plans to establish a museum area in Corinaldo to exhibit the artifacts, making them accessible to the public and enhancing educational opportunities for visitors and locals alike.

Top image: Burial items of Picene Prince, found under burial mound in Corinaldo, Italy.                               Source: University of Bologna/ Città di Corinaldo

By Sahir Pandey