The Incredible Reign of Augustus in Rome (Video)
The reign of Augustus marked a transformative period in Roman history, characterized by extensive construction and lasting political reforms. Augustus, originally named Octavian, rose to power after the assassination of his great-uncle Julius Caesar. He swiftly established himself politically and militarily, avenging Caesar’s death at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC.
One of Augustus' significant contributions was the Forum of Augustus, completed in 2 BC. It featured the Temple of Mars Ultor, dedicated to avenging Caesar. The forum included long porticos, tribunals, and statues of Rome's greatest men, linking Augustus to Rome's mythological roots through colossal statues of Aeneas and Romulus.
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Augustus’ architectural achievements were vast. He built the Mausoleum of Augustus, the Pantheon, the Theatre of Marcellus, and the Ara Pacis, celebrating the peace he claimed to bring. His developments extended across the city, transforming the Palatine Hill, the Roman Forum, and the Campus Martius.
His reign was also marked by significant military and political maneuvers. Augustus established the Pax Romana, a period of relative peace, and conducted numerous campaigns to secure the empire's borders. Despite facing setbacks such as family dramas and military defeats, his reforms in governance and societal norms had a lasting impact.
Augustus died in AD 14, leaving behind a reformed constitution and a legacy that influenced Rome for centuries. His reign was a defining era that shaped the trajectory of the Roman Empire, demonstrating his vision and leadership.
Top image: Augustus of Prima Porta. Source: Vatican Museums/CC BY-SA 4.0
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